Down syndrome occurs in people of all races and economic levels. It causes different types of birth defects, as well as developmental disabilities. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders pdf icon 227 kb, 2 pages, 508 pdf icon spanish 212 kb, 2 pages, 508 this fact sheet provides basic facts, causes, signs, and what to do if youre concerned. It was not until 1959, however, that the genetic link was discovered. Down syndrome fact sheet ohio academy of family physicians. Prenatal diagnosis of down syndrome and other conditions. Down syndrome ds is one of the commonest disorders with huge medical and social cost. The child with down syndrome is often short and has unusual looseness of the joints. Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused when abnormal cell division results in an extra full or partial copy of chromosome 21. Down syndrome association of atlanta, 2221 peachtree road ne, ste d226, atlanta ga 30309 4043203233 down syndrome association of atlanta fact sheet founded in 1979, the down syndrome association of atlanta dsaa is a 501 c3 georgia nonprofit organization dedicated to providing individuals with down syndrome and their families lifelong.
Typical characteristics of people with down syndrome are listed. This fact sheet on down syndrome is offered in both english and spanish. Causes, symptoms and risks down syndrome is the most common genetic condition in the united states. The mission of the national down syndrome society is to be the national advocate for the value, acceptance and inclusion of people with down syndrome. This extra genetic material causes the developmental changes and physical features of down syndrome.
This fact sheet summarizes recently published and updated estimates of the numbers of babies born and people living with down syndrome in the usa. Share this share on facebook facebook share on twitter twitter web content viewer. Too much app protein leads to a buildup of protein clumps called betaamyloid plaques in the brain. Down syndrome fact sheet down syndrome is the most commonly occurring chromosomal condition. Mental capacity dsa factsheet downs syndrome association. Down syndrome fact sheet national institute on aging eunice kennedy shriver. Down syndrome quick facts down syndrome association of. Down syndrome fact sheet march 20, 20 the mission of the national down syndrome society is to be the national advocate for the value, acceptance and inclusion of people with down syndrome. Overview of down syndrome down syndrome is a genetic condition that is usually caused by an extra copy of the twentyfirst chromosome. For more information on down syndrome and ndss, visit. Alzheimers disease is a slowly progressive, degenerative disorder of the brain that eventually results in abnormal brain function and death. Down syndrome fact sheet down syndrome occurs when an individual has a full or partial extra copy of chromosome 21. Down syndrome is caused when a person is born with an extra chromosome. While down syndrome is listed in many dictionaries with both popular spellings with or without an apostrophe s, the preferred usage in the united states is down syndrome.
People with downs syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21 in their cells for every 1,000 babies born, 1 will have downs syndrome. Kids and teens with down syndrome tend to share certain physical features such as a flat facial profile, an upward slant to the eyes, small ears, and a protruding tongue. These new charts use the existing dsmig reference data see page 4 and represent the growth of healthy children with down syndrome. This one of a kind clinic at phoenix childrens hospital will offer patients and their families coordinated care under one roof. Alzheimers disease in people with down syndrome fact sheet. Estimates vary, but experts suggest that more than 5. Small testes 14 ml, about the size of a sultana grape after puberty are an indication of klinefelter syndrome in most cases. Ehlersdanlos syndrome eds is a disease that weakens the connective tissues of your body. Down syndrome, also called trisomy 21, is a chromosomal condition in which extra genetic material causes delays in the way a child develops, both mentally. A genetic disorder in which an infant has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46 signs and symptoms eyes that slant downward small ears that may fold over a little at the top. It was first described in 1866 by a british doctor, john langdon down, after whom it is named. The ap stylebook recommends using down syndrome, as well. Down syndrome is the most common and readily identifiable chromosomal condition associated.
About down syndrome down syndrome is the most common genetic disability. As of 20, we estimate that 1 in every 758 liveborn babies has down syndrome. Down syndrome fact sheet down syndrome family network. People with down syndrome have 47 chromosomes instead of 46. According to the national down syndrome society, a 35yearold woman has approximately a 1 in 350 chance of conceiving a child with down syndrome.
Our clinic wants to partner with you to provide the best care for patients. People with down syndrome have an extra copy of chromosome 21, or part of it. Down syndrome fact sheet ohio department of health ohio. Nami the national alliance on mental illness 1 800 950nami. The down syndrome organisation in your state or territory is a good place to contact for nondirective information, ask questions and speak to, or arrange to speak to, a parent of a child with down syndrome, if thats what you would like to do. Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is the most common of chromosomal abnormalities and affects around one in 1,000 babies each year. Down syndrome info packet support for families of children.
Most children with down syndrome will have some, but not all, of these features. Office for genetics and people with special health care needs down syndrome trisomy 21 fact sheet what is down syndrome. It is congenital, which means it is present from birth. Down syndrome is the most common and readily identifiable chromosomal condition associated with mental retardation. There are more than 400,000 people living with down syndrome in the united states. Down syndrome fact sheet by national dissemination center for children with disabilities nichcy, updated by center for parent information and resources cpir language guidelines, under new parents guide section, by the national down syndrome congress. Down syndrome, also called trisomy 21, is a chromosomal condition in which extra genetic material causes delays in the way a child develops, both mentally and physically. People with down syndrome are born with an extra copy of chromosome 21, which carries the app gene. They have an extra chromosome 21, which is why down syndrome is sometimes known as trisomy 21. The national down syndrome society envisions a world in which all people with down syndrome have the opportunity to enhance their quality of life. Out of a meeting held on 1 october 1995, the down syndrome support group was formed. Office for genetics and people with special health care needs. In most people with alzheimers, symptoms first appear in their mid60s.
Students with down syndrome want to communicate and many will need special strategies and exercises to assist them in their communication development sign language can help reduce frustration and increase communication. It was later determined that an extra partial or complete chromosome 21 results in the characteristics associated with down syndrome. Men with klinefelter syndrome have an extra x chromosome. Fact sheet about down syndrome for new and expectant. They determine how a babys body forms during pregnancy and how the babys body functions as it grows in the womb and after birth. Rett syndrome fact sheet national institute of neurological. Sep 04, 2014 speech and language practical activities factsheet 2016. Fact sheet down syndrome phoenix childrens hospital is pleased to announce arizonas first down syndrome clinic. What students with down syndrome want teachers to know. Alzheimers disease is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and, eventually, the ability to carry out the simplest tasks. Fact sheet about down syndrome for new and expectant parents. A genetic disorder in which an infant has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46, due to an. Speech and language practical activities factsheet 2016.
Reviewed by the national society of genetic counselors down syndrome information act. The cau of down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, was discovered in 1959. These are things like tendons and ligaments that hold parts of your body together. Rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects girls almost exclusively. The incidence of trisomy is influenced by maternal age. These can tell you if your baby has a higher chance of having a certain condition. Down syndrome is the most commonly occurring chromosomal condition one in every 691 babies in the united states is born with down syndrome. Alzheimers disease fact sheet national institute on aging. Oral health fact sheet for dental professionals adults with down syndrome trisomy 21 down syndrome is a chromosome disorder associated with an extra chromosome trisomy 21 resulting in intellectual disability and specific physical features.
The disease was first described in 1907 by a german physician, dr. Down syndrome facts national down syndrome society. In a few families, the extra chromosome is passed down from a parent. Down syndrome have short necks and small hands with short. Annual reports and accounts 1 awareness week 14 benefits 9 child development 15 down2earth magazine 8 dsa journals dual diagnosis 1 education 19 events 5 families and carers 109. Klinefelter syndrome is a genetic chromosomal condition that only affects males. House bill 552 was signed into law in 2014 requiring that physicians, certified nurse. The national society of genetic counselors has made available an excellent fact sheet on down syndrome. In 2011 the down syndrome growth charts were redesigned jointly by the down syndrome medical interest group dsmig and the royal college of paediatrics and child health. This additional genetic material alters the course of development and causes the characteristics associated with down syndrome. The national down syndrome society envisions a world in which all people with down syndrome have the. If a screening test has a positive result, additional diagnostic testing is. According to current data, about 250,0001 people in the united states have down syndrome. Downs syndrome is a genetic condition which is present from the moment of conception.
Chronic condition fact sheet adult patients with down syndrome or trisomy 21 this chronic condition fact sheet was compiled by the bcm transition medicine clinic for primary care providers to have important information regarding patients with the above diagnosis. Early in 1995, a group of parents of children with down syndrome recognised that a great need existed in singapore to support and educate families, professionals and the public about down syndrome. Down syndrome is a genetic condition caused by the presence of an extra chromosome. The national down syndrome society envisions a world in which all people with down syndrome have the opportunity to enhance their quality of life, realize their life aspirations, and become valued members of welcoming communities. Down syndrome is a genetic condition that occurs in males and females of all racial and ethnic backgrounds. Office for genetics and people with special health care needs downs syndrome trisomy 21 fact sheet what is downs syndrome. Down syndrome factsheet for schools for parents nemours. It is characterized by normal early growth and development followed by a slowing of development, loss of purposeful use of the hands, distinctive hand movements, slowed brain and head growth, problems with walking, seizures, and intellectual disability. Down syndrome is the most commonly occurring chromosomal condition. Dsa factsheet mental capacity act 2005 and code of practice. Theresultsofthistestcanshow ifthebabyisatahigherriskfortrisomy,trisomy18,ordownsyndrome. Annual reports and accounts 1 awareness week 14 benefits 9. Parenting a child with special needs your childs evaluation parent to. The content of the fact sheet tracks what i think is the best, most balanced way for presenting a down syndrome diagnosis from the bullet point list in the 2011 nsgc guidelines.
Ndss preferred language guide the mission of the national down syndrome society is to be the national advocate for the value, acceptance and inclusion of people with down syndrome. First it provides a definition and description of this syndrome, noting its etiology in a chromosomal abnormality. A diagnosis of klinefelter syndrome is confirmed using a blood test called a karyotype that checks the number and structure of chromosomes in cells. Instead of the usual 46 chromosomes present in each cell, lejeune observed 47 in the cells of individuals with down syndrome. Fact sheet 1 3 klinefelter syndrome what is klinefelter syndrome. It was first described 1866 and is named after john langdon down, the doctor who first identified the syndrome. Chromosomes are small packages of genes in the body. Commonly associated healthrelated problems are noted, including a lowered resistance to.
This gene produces a specific protein called amyloid precursor protein app. Mar 17, 2020 rett syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects girls almost exclusively. In most cases, down syndrome occurs when there is an extra copy of chromosome 21. Fact sheet for the down syndrome information act down. Office for genetics and people with special health care. The incidence of births of children with down syndrome increases with the age of the mother. Down s syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. Some people with down syndrome may not need much help to lead an ordinary life, while others may require a lot of support. The birth rate for down syndrome is one in every 1,100 births in australia.
About down syndrome down syndrome, the most commonly occurring chromosomal condition, is a genetic condition where a person has 47 chromosomes instead of the usual 46. Down syndrome is one of the most leading causes of intellectual disability and millions of these patients face various health issues including learning and memory, congenital heart diseaseschd, alzheimers diseases ad, leukemia, cancers and hirschprung diseasehd. There is wide variation in the mental abilities of children with down syndrome. There are approximately,000 people in australia have down syndrome. Prenatal testing for down syndrome fact sheet this fact sheet contains easytounderstand, factual and balanced information for people considering prenatal testing or if a test shows that a baby may have or does have down syndrome. One way to help alleviate this jekyll and hyde character is to notice the patterns. Approximately one in every 700 babies in the united states is born with down syndrome about 6,000 each year. Down syndrome is a condition in which a person has an extra chromosome. It is also called trisomy 21 because there are three copies of this chromosome instead of two chromosomes are the.
131 674 614 453 668 1355 2 1208 402 1207 957 316 1488 81 636 481 349 1116 954 1070 230 417 903 365 1494 774 889 406 1349 177 1280 39 1451 619 1150 1276 900 406 88